Return to Khartoum: War, loss and hope
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This powerful episode of The Documentary Podcast takes listeners on a journey back to Khartoum, Sudan, one year after government forces recaptured the war-ravaged capital from the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). Journalist Mohamed Hashim returns to a city reduced to rubble, where shrapnel-scarred buildings, unexploded ordnance, and looted homes bear witness to a brutal conflict that began in 2023. The war, rooted in a 2018 uprising against longtime dictator Omar al-Bashir and the subsequent rise of the RSF, has killed hundreds of thousands and displaced millions. Through intimate interviews with survivors like Dua, a pro-democracy activist and mother who stayed behind to organize community emergency response rooms, and Abdu, a student who endured a siege in Al-Ubayid, the episode reveals the profound human cost—systematic violence, sexual abuse, starvation, and the loss of identity. Yet amid the devastation, there are sparks of hope: returning residents clearing mines, rebuilding homes, reopening schools, and reclaiming simple joys like walking freely, drinking tea, and seeing light for the first time. The episode underscores how ordinary Sudanese citizens, especially women and youth, became the backbone of survival and resilience, proving that community-led healing may be the foundation for Sudan’s future. Despite ongoing conflict and regional power struggles, the spirit of collective rebuilding offers a vision of a Sudan rebuilt from the ground up.
Civilians, particularly women and community organizers, were the true architects of survival during Sudan’s war, creating mutual aid networks that provided food, medical care, education, and emotional support.
The destruction in Khartoum is staggering—entire neighborhoods reduced to rubble, infrastructure stripped bare, and over 2,000 priceless antiquities looted from the National Museum, with lasting cultural and historical consequences.
Recovery will take years and billions of dollars, with major challenges including unexploded ordnance, lack of basic services, and the psychological trauma of war survivors.
Despite the devastation, returning residents are reclaiming normalcy—children playing, schools reopening, and people learning to walk, sleep, and laugh again, symbolizing a fragile but powerful renewal.
The future of Sudan may lie not in top-down politics, but in grassroots, community-driven rebuilding, where solidarity and mutual aid become the new national identity.
Arrival in a War-Torn Capital
“This would have been some of the oldest parts of Khartoum, and everywhere is destroyed. It doesn't sit well, knowing that this is where you grew up.”
The Origins of the War
The episode traces the roots of the conflict back to 2018, when the Sudanese uprising against Omar al-Bashir led to the militarization of the state through the rise of the RSF, a paramilitary force that eventually turned on the army and sparked a devastating civil war.
Survival Under RSF Occupation
“Day one. Nobody moves along, especially for women. We were always in groups. Our survival depends on it.”
The Human Cost of War
“We were living like we would not see tomorrow. I lost hope and everything.”
Rebuilding from the Rubble
“It feels like we are discovering the life again. It feels like we're learning how to walk because in two years we used to walk like a certain walk...”
“Sudan is happening now. We literally, Sudanese people held the country together.”
“We were living like we would not see tomorrow. I lost hope and everything.”
“Day one. Nobody moves along, especially for women. We were always in groups. Our survival depends on it.”
Host
Guests
Khartoum
place
Rapid Support Forces
organization
Mohamed Hashim
person
Dua
person
Sudan's National Museum
organization
Abdu
person
Omar al-Bashir
person
Jamaluddin Zain al-Abdin
person
Jum'ah
person
Khattab Al-Lamin
person
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